Published: 2026-06-11 15:44:36
Authors: Daichi Azuma, Taiki Miyanishi, Koya Sakamoto, Shuhei Kurita, Yaonan Zhu, Petr Khrapchenkov, Motoaki Kawanabe, Yusuke Iwasawa, Yutaka Matsuo
Categories: cs.RO, cs.CV
Abstract:
Goal-conditioned visual navigation requires a robot to act under partial observability by anticipating how its motion will change the future egocentric view and whether that change brings it closer to the goal. Navigation world models provide such visual foresight, but they remain prediction modules that require an external planner to convert predicted futures into closed-loop control. We propose Navigation World Action Model (NavWAM), a diffusion-transformer policy that turns navigation world-model prediction into executable action by representing future observations, goal-progress values, and action chunks in a shared latent sequence. By learning future prediction jointly with the action and value targets that determine closed-loop behavior, NavWAM makes visual foresight directly usable for robot control. We build NavWAM through simulation pretraining and real-robot adaptation, and evaluate it on image-goal navigation against planning-based world models and a representative direct navigation policy. Across offline benchmarks and closed-loop real-robot deployment, NavWAM improves over planning-based world-model baselines in our evaluations while using the default policy mode without CEM-style action search. Project page: https://dachii-azm.github.io/navwam/
Published: 2026-06-11 15:42:17
Authors: J. M. Boxelaar, F. De Gasperin, M. J. Hardcastle, E. De Rubeis, R. J. van Weeren
Categories: astro-ph.GA
Abstract:
Context. Active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets are fundamental drivers of galaxy evolution, injecting kinetic energy into their environments. The large-scale morphology and spectral properties of these radio galaxies are consequences of complex particle acceleration, energy loss, and absorption processes. While the shape of the synchrotron spectrum encodes the plasma's energetic history, understanding the physics of particle acceleration and duty cycles has historically been limited by a lack of well-resolved observations at ultra-low frequencies (< 100 MHz), where the oldest cosmic ray electron populations are traced. Aims. This study aims to perform the first comprehensive multi-frequency analysis of bright extended radio galaxies down to 58 MHz. The goal is to study electron acceleration mechanisms, accurately measure the low-frequency spectral shape, and constrain the injection index for a sample of Fanaroff-Riley (FR) I and II galaxies using spectral ageing models. Methods. Utilising new 58 MHz observations from the LOFAR Low Band Antenna (LBA) combined with LOFAR High Band Antenna (HBA; 144 MHz) and Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS, 887 MHz & 943.5 MHz & 1367.5 MHz) data, a sub-sample of 22 extended sources from the 3CRR catalogue was selected, requiring the largest angular size to be at least 2.5'. The analysis involves constructing detailed spectral index maps and utilising radio colour-colour diagrams to interpret spectral shapes and constrain ageing model parameters across the radio lobes. Results. This study presents the ultra-low frequency spectral index maps for this sample. For FR I galaxies, spectral indices range from ~0.5 near the core (consistent with first-order Fermi acceleration) to > 1.0 in the lobes. For FR II galaxies, hotspots exhibit steep low-frequency spectra (0.5 - 0.9), suggesting complex acceleration or absorption effects.
Published: 2026-06-11 15:29:53
Authors: Ramil Nasibullin
Categories: math.FA
Abstract:
In this paper we deal with integral Hardy type inequalities on finite segments. The interval is assumed to be finite and avoiding the origin. We prove new sharp $L_2$-inequalities and their $L_p$-analogues. Constants in the proven inequalities depend on the first root of the corresponding Lamb type equation for the Bessel function. In the $L_2$-case the extremal function is found. We consider Hardy-type inequalities in differential form. Using the one-dimensional Hardy inequalities, we establish an optimal multi-dimensional version of the power-weighted Hardy inequality in differential form on annuli.
Published: 2026-06-11 15:23:57
Authors: Jian Liu, Kefeng Liu, Li Shen
Categories: math.GT
Abstract:
This paper introduces pro-tangles, a natural generalization of classical tangles, which are functors from the Boolean cube to Bar-Natan's cobordism category. By employing the simplicial Yoneda embedding, we construct the Khovanov simplicial presheaf of a pro-tangle as a homotopy colimit and prove that this simplicial presheaf is representable, with representing object the classical Khovanov simplicial object. We establish a fully faithful embedding showing that the weak equivalence class of this simplicial presheaf is determined by the chain homotopy type of the Khovanov complex. Furthermore, we utilize Boolean cube decompositions to construct an algebraic spectral sequence for pro-tangles. This spectral sequence converges to the total Khovanov homology, and its $E_1$ page is explicitly expressed in terms of the Khovanov homology of reduced tangles. This categorical setup yields a functorial interpretation of Reidemeister invariance in terms of morphisms of spectral sequences. By applying the tangle TQFT construction, we study this spectral sequence for Hopf clasps, the fundamental structural building blocks in tangle and link theory. We show that the spectral sequence collapses at the $E_3$ page, which further specializes to an $E_2$-collapse under the restriction to Hopf sums. Finally, we investigate connected sums of pro-tangles and pro-links. To address the module-action dependencies arising from tensor products in multi-connected sums, we introduce a state-dependent modified tensor operator and prove a structural decomposition theorem that generalizes the classical result at the chain complex level.
Published: 2026-06-11 15:19:31
Authors: Avanish Kumar Chaturvedi, Satyadeep Pandey
Categories: cs.IT, math.RA
Abstract:
We introduce a new product on the ambient space $F_q^n$ as a generalization of Euclidean, Hermitian and $δ$ products. We give some general properties of the dual codes, relation with Euclidean duals, definition and characterization of self orthogonal, self dual, dual containing and LCD codes along with certain existence conditions. Also, we calculate the dual codes of some classes of codes like repetition, binary and $λ$-constacyclic codes with respect to this product. Further, we extend and analyse this notion of the product for codes over semisimple rings.
Published: 2026-06-11 15:16:54
Authors: Daniel Peralta-Salas, Radu Slobodeanu
Categories: math.AP, math-ph, physics.plasm-ph
Abstract:
A steady Euler flow is localizable if the pressure function is constant along its stream lines. This property was used by Gavrilov to construct the first smooth compactly supported steady states of 3D Euler. We prove that any analytic localizable 3D Euler flow in a bounded domain $Ω$ is axisymmetric and $Ω$ is a rotationally symmetric domain whose transverse section is a disk or an annulus with convex boundary curves. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first symmetry theorem for 3D steady Euler flows. In the context of MHD equilibria, this result shows that Grad's conjecture holds true for magnetic fields satisfying the isodynamic condition, a property introduced by Palumbo in the 1960's to minimize the effect of particle drifts in plasma confinement devices.
Published: 2026-06-11 15:13:25
Authors: XinGe Liu, Chaoyang Geng, Yunhan Yu, Lixia Xi, Xiaoguang Zhang, Xiaosheng Xiao
Categories: physics.optics, nlin.PS
Abstract:
Three-dimensional (3D) optical solitons bear far stronger relevance to multi-dimensional nonlinear dynamics prevalent in complex physical, chemical and biological systems than conventional 1D solitons, and they support far richer and more intricate phenomena arising from their spatiotemporal degrees of freedom. However, real-time recording of 3D soliton evolution with simultaneous spatiotemporal resolution remains a critical challenging. Here, we demonstrate long-term real-time visualization of 3D soliton dynamics with spatiotemporal resolution using high-speed photodetectors combined with joint space- and time-division multiplexing. We visually capture complex transient behaviors of 3D solitons in a multimode fiber laser and, by integrating our method with the time-stretch technique, simultaneously record pulse-resolved beam and spectral evolutions. We observe that during the birth of 3D solitons, the highly multimode beam stabilizes for a substantial interval prior to spectral broadening, indicating that a large number of transverse modes have already locked before longitudinal mode proliferation. These findings highlight the critical importance of real-time spatiotemporal visualization for advancing ultrafast multimode laser design and delivering new insights into high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics.
Published: 2026-06-11 15:01:49
Authors: Mohammed Bouri, Mohammed Erradi, Adnane Saoud
Categories: cs.CL, cs.LG
Abstract:
Despite recent progress in Natural Language Processing (NLP), models remain vulnerable to word substitution attacks. Most existing defenses focus on first order sensitivity and measure how much the output changes when the input is slightly perturbed. However, they ignore how this sensitivity evolves, which is described by curvature. When gradients vary sharply, models can still fail. This paper introduces the Smooth Growth Bound Tensor (S-GBT), a second order method that bounds the Hessian element-wise, for which we provide formal theoretical proofs on the resulting robustness bounds. A regularization term is added during training to minimize these bounds. This yields tighter certified robustness against word substitution attacks. The change in the output under word substitution is bounded by both a linear term and a quadratic term. S-GBT is derived for two architectures: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The method is integrated directly into the training objective. Its effectiveness is evaluated on multiple benchmark datasets. The results show that combining first and second order regularization improves certified robust accuracy by up to 23.4% compared to prior methods, while clean accuracy remains competitive. These findings indicate that controlling both the gradient and its variation is a promising direction for building more robust models.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:56:39
Authors: Hiromasa Watanabe, Issaku Kanamori, Okuto Morikawa, Yuki Nagai, Yuya Tanizaki, Akio Tomiya
Categories: hep-lat, cond-mat.str-el, hep-ph, hep-th
Abstract:
Yang-Mills theories at $θ$ and $θ+2π$ are unitarily equivalent, but their $2π$ periodicity has a nontrivial realization. Recent developments in generalized global symmetries show that confinement vacua at $θ=0$ and $2π$ should belong to different symmetry-protected topological (SPT) states with the $1$-form center symmetry. For its examination, we measure the Wilson-'t Hooft loop operators at $θ=2π$ for the $SU(2)$ Wilson lattice gauge action and discuss their long-distance behaviors. This requires us to identify the gauge topological charge in the presence of defects, and we employ the $1$-form covariant DBW2 gradient flow to smear lattice gauge fields. We then obtain numerical evidence consistent with dyon condensation at $θ=2π$, rather than monopole condensation, as theoretically predicted.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:53:29
Authors: Jakub Sójka, Katarzyna Olkowska-Pucko, Kacper Walczyk, Zakhar R. Kudrynskyi, Volodymyr Boledzjuk, Adam Babiński, Maciej R. Molas, Grzegorz Krasucki
Categories: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
Abstract:
Doping plays a crucial role in tailoring the electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of semiconductors, enabling control of carrier dynamics and the formation of functional states for optoelectronic applications. We investigate the influence of Fe dopants on the optical properties of GaSe crystals using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy under varying excitation power, temperature, and magnetic field. Fe incorporation introduces multiple sharp emission lines in addition to intrinsic excitonic transitions, including free and localised excitons. Power- and temperature-dependent measurements indicate that these emission features are associated with Fe-related dopant centres (Fe-bound excitons). Magneto-PL measurements reveal two distinct families of $g$-factors, enabling the identification of intrinsic excitonic transitions and Fe-induced defect states. These results demonstrate that Fe doping creates optically and magnetically active centres in GaSe, providing insight into defect-related excitonic processes and their potential relevance for magneto-optoelectronic and quantum photonic applications.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:52:52
Authors: Alexander Skutin
Categories: math.GR
Abstract:
The class-breadth conjecture of Leedham-Green, Neumann and Wiegold states that the nilpotency class of any $p$-group is at most $b(G) + 1$, where $\displaystyle{b(G) = \max_{g\in G}\log_p[G:Z_G(g)]}$ denotes the breadth of $G$. While several counter-examples to this conjecture have been found for $p = 2$, it is still open in general for $p>2$. This article is dedicated to the general case $p>2$ of the conjecture. We propose a generalization for the case $p>2$, which we prove under some additional conditions.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:41:30
Authors: M. Amghar, Noura Chabar, Mohamed Amazioug, Reem Altuijri, Ameenah N. Al-Ahmadi, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty
Categories: quant-ph
Abstract:
We propose a scheme for realizing nonreciprocal transparency, Fano resonances, and slow/fast light in a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system containing two YIG spheres and a mechanical resonator. The nonreciprocal behavior originates from the magnon Kerr nonlinearity, which induces direction-dependent frequency shifts and modifies the interference pathways among cavity photons, magnons, and phonons. We show that the hybrid system supports multiple transparency windows arising from magnon- and magnomechanical-induced interference processes. The Kerr interaction strongly reshapes these transparency features, producing asymmetric Fano line shapes and enabling controllable nonreciprocal transmission. Furthermore, the associated dispersion exhibits pronounced directional asymmetry, leading to giant differences in the group delay for opposite propagation directions and allowing reversible switching between slow- and fast-light regimes. We investigate the roles of hybrid coupling strengths and dissipation channels and identify parameter regimes where the nonreciprocal response is maximized. These findings establish Kerr-engineered magnomechanical systems as promising platforms for integrated nonreciprocal microwave photonics and quantum information technologies.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:37:49
Authors: Hiba Ahmed, Alexander E. I. Brownlee, Jason Adair, Simon T. Powers
Categories: cs.AI
Abstract:
Renewable energy is essential for meeting future energy demands; however, solar energy generation, which occurs only during daylight hours often does not align with household consumption patterns. Appliances such as cookers, washing machines, and dryers are typically operated according to user preferred schedules rather than solar energy availability, creating a scheduling optimization problem. The objective is to determine optimal appliance start times to maximize renewable energy utilization while minimizing user inconvenience and adhering to system constraints. This paper presents a metaheuristic approach using Iterated Local Search (ILS) and Simulated Annealing (SA) to optimize appliance start times, while considering appliance operating durations, power consumption, inverter limit, battery state of charge constraints, and solar generation forecasts. Unlike most existing work, the scheduling is extended beyond a single day to accommodate unfinished tasks from previous days (spillover), ensuring operational continuity and enabling sequential operation across multiple days. Experimental results show that the sequential multi-day scheduling framework effectively manages system constraints while ensuring user convenience under exclusive solar generation. These findings also open opportunities for future research on multi-objective trade-offs between investment in equipment of various sizes, return on that investment, and user satisfaction.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:33:13
Authors: Xingluan Wang
Categories: math.DG
Abstract:
We study the moduli space of non-Hermitian Yang-Mills connections over a compact Kähler manifold. Using normalized harmonic metrics, we construct a natural Hermitian metric on the smooth locus and show that, near the Hermitian locus, the smooth locus carries an almost hypercomplex structure which is compatible with the associated Riemannian metric.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:30:22
Authors: Lucia Imhoff, Miguel A. Rengifo, Jose M. Caicedo Roque, Jessica Padilla-Pantoja, Jose Santiso, Marcelo G. Stachiotti, Myriam H. Aguirre
Categories: cond-mat.mtrl-sci, cond-mat.mes-hall
Abstract:
The exploration of novel multiferroic materials with strong coupling between ferroelectric polarization and photovoltaic effects is crucial for next-generation optoelectronic devices. In this study, we characterized highly oriented 0.5Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3-0.5Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 multiferroic thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO3 (001) substrates with a SrRuO3 bottom electrode. The films exhibited excellent crystalline quality, with a single perovskite phase and (001) orientation. They displayed good ferroelectric properties (remanent polarization $\sim$17 $μ$C/cm$^2$, PUND; coercive field $\sim$150 kV/cm), alongside weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature (remanence 1.30 emu/cm$^3$; coercive field 90 Oe). Photovoltaic measurements demonstrated a robust, polarization-dependent photoresponse under 403 nm monochromatic laser illumination, achieving Jsc values between $\pm$20 $μ$A/cm$^2$. This compelling observation confirms the intrinsic coupling between ferroelectric polarization and photovoltaic effects, highlighting the considerable promise of these single-phase multiferroic thin films for advanced photovoltaic and optoelectronic memory applications.
Published: 2026-06-11 14:04:27
Authors: Jérémy Guichemerre, Christoph Studer
Categories: eess.SP
Abstract:
Practical implementations of phased arrays suffer from per-antenna gain, phase, and delay mismatches, which can significantly worsen the maximum sidelobe level (SLL) of beampatterns. The existing literature either analyzes specific structured mismatch patterns or derives per-angle marginal statistics under random mismatches, which fail to characterize global beampattern metrics such as the maximum SLL. To address this limitation, we propose a frequency-domain framework in which the beampattern is described by a tapering-window-dependent base function evaluated along a deformation determined by the array architecture and signal bandwidth. This formulation enables a spectral analysis of mismatches, revealing that element-wise errors generate weighted replicas of the ideal beampattern whose amplitudes are given by the discrete Fourier transform of the mismatch sequence. Building on this insight, we derive an approximation of the maximum SLL distribution under random gain and phase mismatches. The resulting expressions enable yield-oriented design and rapid design-space exploration without relying on computationally intensive Monte-Carlo simulations.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:57:11
Authors: Samir Bedrouni
Categories: math.DS, math.CV, math.DG
Abstract:
Let $\mathcal{W}=\mathcal{W}_{n}\boxtimes\mathcal{W}_{d-n}$ be a $d$-web on $(\mathbb{C}^2,0)$, where $\mathcal{W}_n$ is an $n$-web with a totally invariant irreducible curve~$C$, and $\mathcal{W}_{d-n}$ is a regular $(d-n)$-web transverse to $C$. We show that the curvature of $\mathcal{W}$ is holomorphic along $C$ if and only if the curvature of $\mathcal{W}_n$ is holomorphic along $C$. When $\mathcal{W}_n$ is non-degenerate along $C$, we prove that $K(\mathcal{W}_n)$, and hence $K(\mathcal{W})$, is holomorphic along $C.$ We deduce that, if $\mathcal{W}_n$ is irreducible and $\mathrm{mult}\left(Δ(\mathcal{W}_n),C\right)<3(n-1),$ then $K(\mathcal{W})$ is holomorphic along $C.$ This generalizes a result of \textsc{Marín} and \textsc{Pereira}, obtained in the case where $C$ has minimal multiplicity $n-1$ in the discriminant $Δ(\mathcal{W}_n).$ If $n$ is prime or $n=4$, the condition $\mathrm{mult}\left(Δ(\mathcal{W}_n),C\right)<3(n-1)$ can be weakened to $\mathrm{mult}\left(Δ(\mathcal{W}_n),C\right)
Published: 2026-06-11 13:45:17
Authors: Anup Joshi, Javier Renedo, Xavier Guillaud
Categories: eess.SY
Abstract:
Line-commutated converter high-voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) has proven to be a reliable technology for bulk power transmission over long distances. However, the growing penetration of converter interfaced generation (CIG) is resulting in weaker AC grids, rendering the operation of LCC-HVDC systems vulnerable and posing a serious challenge to their stability. Grid-forming (GFM) controlled voltage source converter (VSC) have been shown to provide stabilizing impact in weak grid conditions. However, the impact of GFM controlled VSCs (GFM-VSC) on stability of LCC-HVDC in weak grid conditions has not been studied in depth in the literature. In this paper, a simplified model of LCC-HVDC is proposed and validated. Then a small-signal state-space model of a system consisting of aforementioned LCC-HVDC, a GFM-VSC and an infinite grid is developed to study the interactions between different components. The small-signal stability analysis shows the stabilizing effect of the GFM-VSC on the stability of the LCC-HVDC link in weak grid condition. Furthermore, the study on the sizing of the GFM power converter reveals that even a modest share of the capacity of the GFM power converter relative to the total nominal apparent power (sum of nominal power of LCC-HVDC and the nominal apparent power of GFM-VSC) is sufficient to ensure the stability of the system, in the test system analyzed in this study. This work just focuses in small-signal stability, but it is important to highlight that other stability phenomena should also be taken into account when selecting the final size of the GFM-VSC.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:35:44
Authors: Tadashi Fujioka, Shijie Gu
Categories: math.DG, math.MG
Abstract:
We provide two sufficient conditions for a Busemann G-space to admit a differentiable DC atlas with a continuous Finsler metric, from the viewpoint of comparison geometry. These results generalize previous work on G-spaces with Riemannian curvature bounds, namely the Alexandrov and CAT conditions, to the Finsler setting.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:29:28
Authors: Zirong Liu, Heping Wang
Categories: math.NA
Abstract:
This paper is devoted to discussing the linear tensor product problems in the worst case setting. We consider algorithms that use finitely many evaluations of arbitrary continuous linear functionals. We investigate algebraic $(s, t)$-weak tractability (ALG-$(s, t)$-WT) under the absolute error criterion in the case $λ_1 > 1$, where $λ_1$ is the square of the univariate maximal singular value. We solve the problem by giving the necessary and sufficient conditions for ALG-$(s, t)$-WT on univariate singular values and fill the gap left open.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:27:43
Authors: Kaijie Xu, Anqi Wang, Xilin Dai
Categories: cs.LG
Abstract:
Probabilistic forecasting models are increasingly deployed on multivariate systems with distinct channel physics and operational constraints, but existing benchmarks evaluate neither property at scale. Public canonical multivariate benchmarks cap out at 2,000 channels, while power-system benchmarks either lack temporal structure or probabilistic evaluation. We introduce PowerPhase, a probabilistic forecasting benchmark built on six transmission grids ranging from 2,000 to 36,964 jointly forecasted channels, more than an order of magnitude beyond popular canonical multivariate benchmarks. Each target trajectory is the output of an AC power-flow solve, and PowerPhase ships with constraint-aware metrics, including Safety_mBrier, NECV, and CVaR-alpha, that complement CRPS and Distortion. Across eight baselines and three seeds, distributional accuracy and constraint satisfaction rank models differently, a trade-off we term safety-fidelity. We further propose PowerForge, a scenario-based quantile forecaster with type-specific decoding heads and a causal bridge between variable groups, which achieves the best average rank on every grid.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:12:14
Authors: L. Y. Wu, H. Yan
Categories: hep-ph, physics.atom-ph, quant-ph
Abstract:
New interactions mediated by novel particles propose solutions to several important questions in modern physics. Axions serve as examples of such particles; they are lightweight and interact weakly with ordinary matter. This category of particles, including those similar to axions-termed Axion-Like Particles (ALPs)-arises from diverse theoretical frameworks, such as the Peccei-Quinn mechanism addressing the strong CP problem, string theory, and spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. Given their light mass and weak coupling, ALPs are also possible candidates for cold dark matter. Introducing these new interactions mediated by novel particles not only tackles several challenges in modern physics but also raises a crucial question: Are there undiscovered interactions beyond the Standard Model? Many of the interactions predicted by these theories are spin-dependent, which is the primary focus of this review. In this review, we first outline the theoretical foundations for investigating exotic spin-dependent interactions, highlighting their importance in various models beyond the Standard Model. We examine the potential roles of new lightweight particles in mediating these interactions, which may enhance our understanding of dark matter. Relevant formulas derived from theoretical models are included to support experimental investigations. Following this theoretical framework, we conduct a detailed review of recent experimental efforts to detect these exotic interactions. A systematic review of current constraints on these interactions is presented, along with an assessment of various detection approaches.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:10:48
Authors: Xucong Wang, Ziyu Ma, Yong Wang, Shidong Yang, Hailang Huang, Renda Li, Pengkun Wang, Xiangxiang Chu
Categories: cs.AI
Abstract:
Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is a central technique for improving long-horizon reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing RLVR methods often encourage unnecessarily long reasoning rollouts, which can degrade reasoning coherence and exhaust the available context budget. Existing approaches to long-context organization often depend on external mechanisms to organize rollouts, rather than enabling the model to manage its own reasoning trajectory. To address this limitation, we propose ReSum, a novel RLVR framework that enables LLMs to compress and organize their reasoning trajectories through self-summarization. Our pilot studies show that self-summarization stabilizes generation by lowering token-level entropy, and that introducing a ``summarization'' phrase can substantially mitigate errors propagated from an incorrect rollout prefix. Motivated by these findings, ReSum adopts a summarization-aware adaptive rollout mechanism that contrastively evaluates whether self-summarization benefits the ongoing reasoning process. Specifically, when the model spontaneously triggers self-summarization, ReSum masks the summarization phrase to create a contrastive branch; for non-summarization positions, it instead randomly injects the phrase to create a matched branch. We further design a summarization-aware advantage to enable finer-grained comparison between contrastive rollout trajectories. Extensive experiments show that ReSum improves performance at an average of 4\% while reducing rollout length by 18.6\%.
Published: 2026-06-11 13:04:23
Authors: Yangcheng Li, Pingzhi Yuan
Categories: math.NT
Abstract:
Let $q$ be a prime power and $n$ a positive integer. A subspace \( U \subseteq \mathbb{F}_q^n \) is called cyclically covering if the union of all its cyclic shifts covers the whole space \( \mathbb{F}_q^n \). Let \( h_q(n) \) denote the maximum possible codimension of such a subspace. When \(\gcd(q,n)=1\), we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for \(h_q(n)=0\) via Discrete Fourier Transforms, and prove this equality is equivalent to the existence of full-weight codewords in cyclic codes of \(\mathbb{F}_q^n\). We also characterize codimension-$k$ cyclically covering subspaces.
Based on these results, we give a unified characterization of \(h_q(n)\) in the case where $q$ and $n$ are primes with \(n>q\) and $q$ being a primitive root modulo $n$. Specifically, \(h_2(n) \geq 2\) and \(h_q(n) = 0\) for \(q \neq 2\). We prove that \(h_3(n) \ge 1\) for every prime \(n > 3\) with odd \(\operatorname{ord}_n(3)\). Moreover, for any prime \(q > 3\), the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis implies the existence of infinitely many primes \(n > q\) such that $q$ is not a primitive root modulo $n$ and \(h_q(n) = 0\). We provide algebraic interpretations for the inequalities \(h_q(mn)\ge\max\{h_q(m),h_q(n)\}\) and \(h_q(mn)\ge h_q(m)+h_q(n)\). Using Galois descent, we prove \(h_{q^m}(n)\le h_q(n)\). Furthermore, we generalize a class of constructions that achieve the upper bound \(\lfloor\log_q(n)\rfloor\). Finally, under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we obtain average lower bounds of \(h_q(n)\) for $q=2,3$.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:58:48
Authors: Lidia Troeshestova, Alexander Ustyuzhanin, Sergey Kastryulin
Categories: cs.CV
Abstract:
Recent diffusion editors perform diverse instruction-based edits while conditioning on the source image at every denoising step. Yet persistent source-image conditioning can limit how fully an edit is executed and how natural the result appears, especially when the target scene diverges substantially from the input. We introduce DuET (Dual Expert Trajectories), a training-free inference method that temporarily relaxes source-image conditioning by transitioning through a text-to-image phase before returning to edit mode, allowing the denoising trajectory to move toward the target distribution while retaining the structural benefits of image-conditioned editing. Without modifying model weights or increasing sampling cost, DuET consistently improves instruction relevance, semantic fidelity, and perceptual quality across diverse models and benchmarks. In some cases, these gains come with a modest reduction in source-image preservation, revealing a predictable trade-off between source preservation and edit fidelity.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:33:55
Authors: Yoon-Ji Choi, Young-Chae Son, Soo-Chul Lim
Categories: cs.RO
Abstract:
In bimanual robotic manipulation, task-relevant visual information varies with the task stage and context, while the interaction of the two arms shifts between independent and coordinated modes, making policy learning challenging. However, existing monolithic Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies process diverse visual inputs and interaction patterns through a single shared representation and action generation pathway, often failing to separately account for visual relevance and bimanual interaction structure. To address this issue, we propose a bimanual manipulation VLA framework based on Dual-Level Structural Decomposition. The View-Selective Visual Router dynamically adjusts wrist-view contributions to emphasize relevant visual cues, while the Interaction-Aware Action Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) decomposes action generation into coordinated and arm-wise pathways to adapt to varying bimanual interaction modes. We evaluate the proposed method on six simulated bimanual manipulation tasks in RoboTwin 2.0 and three long-horizon real-world tasks. Our model improves the overall average success rate over a monolithic baseline by 27.7% in simulation and 43.3% in real-world evaluation, while consistently outperforming single-module variants across both settings. These results demonstrate that jointly considering selective visual processing and explicit decomposition of bimanual interaction structures provides an effective inductive bias for robust bimanual manipulation.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:29:39
Authors: Anugrah Aidin Yotolembah, Novanto Yudistira, Gembong Edhi Setyawan
Categories: cs.CV
Abstract:
This paper presents Custom ZeroCLIP, a retrieval-augmented vision-language framework for zero-shot captioning of Indonesian traditional garments. The dataset contains 3,800 expert-annotated images from all 38 Indonesian provinces. Using a province-level inductive zero-shot protocol, the model is trained on 24 seen provinces, validated on 6 seen provinces, and evaluated on 8 unseen provinces. The framework combines a frozen CLIP ViT-B/32 image encoder, a CLIP text encoder, a BERT text encoder, and an LSTM caption decoder. During inference, unseen-province labels and captions are unavailable, and retrieval uses only captions from training provinces. No unseen-province image, label, or caption is used during training, validation, or retrieval-bank construction. Custom ZeroCLIP achieves a CLIPScore of 0.8536, BLEU-4 of 0.3342, and METEOR of 0.4859, outperforming existing baselines. Ablation results show that retrieval improves cultural vocabulary recovery with a 19.3\% METEOR gain, while human evaluation confirms stronger cultural accuracy and fluency. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of retrieval-augmented domain adaptation for culturally grounded caption generation in low-resource heritage settings. The dataset is publicly available at https://github.com/AnugrahAidinYotolembah/Traditional-Indonesian-Clothing-Captioning-Dataset.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:27:41
Authors: Nian Hong Zhou
Categories: math.CO
Abstract:
A (strongly) concave composition of an integer $n$ is a sequence of positive integers that is (strictly) decreasing to a point and then (strictly) increasing thereafter, such that the sum of the entries equals $n$. The value at the low point is called the center part. The difference between the number of entries before and after the low point of the sequence is referred to as the rank of the (strongly) concave composition. The rank functions $V_d(m,n)$ and $V(m,n)$ are defined as the number of concave compositions and strongly concave compositions, respectively, of $n$ with rank $m$. By constructing the difference systems that characterize the rank generating functions, we establish monotonicity properties for the rank functions of both strongly concave compositions and concave compositions for all positive integers $n$. Moreover, we also study the monotonicity properties for the rank functions of (strongly) concave compositions with fixed center parts.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:23:46
Authors: Rawan Hesham, Ali Ashraf, Amr Ahmed, Malak Alaa, Omar Ahmed, Omar Wagih
Categories: cs.CV, cs.CL, cs.IR
Abstract:
TimeLens is an AI-powered bilingual mobile guide for the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM). Pointing a phone at an exhibit, a visitor sees the artifact recognized in real time and can ask follow-up questions answered in English or Arabic. The work addresses three problems specific to in-gallery deployment: fine-grained visual similarity among 51 catalogued artifacts (many near-identical Ramesside statues), the gap between curated training data and handheld camera conditions, and the risk of an AI guide stating unsupported historical facts. Two engineering contributions are reported. First, an on-device artifact detector was developed through a data-quality-driven iteration study -- from foundation-model auto-annotation (YOLO-World), through spatial label-cleaning rules, to a fully hand-annotated dataset -- isolating label quality as the decisive factor: the final YOLOv8n model resolves every previously failing class while remaining a 5.97 MB TensorFlow Lite asset that runs in real time on a mid-range phone (mAP@0.5 = 0.995, mAP@0.5:0.95 = 0.924). Second, a bilingual Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) guide, grounded in a 108-record ChromaDB knowledge base, was benchmarked across seven candidate language models, with Gemma 4 E2B (Q4 K M) selected; ten targeted optimizations reduce end-to-end latency from over 30 s to approximately 10 s. Both subsystems are integrated in a production Flutter application with bilingual interface, museum location gating, and text-to-speech support.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:15:02
Authors: Hao Xu, Jing Jiang, Xuesong Gai, Haicheng Lin, Kai Liu, Zhong-Yi Lu, Kai Chang, Chong Liu
Categories: cond-mat.str-el, cond-mat.mes-hall
Abstract:
The parent compound FeTe hosts a complex magnetic landscape that is highly susceptible to lattice distortions. Although theoretical models have predicted a bicollinear to dimer antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase transition under tensile strain, its experimental realization and deterministic control has remained elusive owing to severe magnetic frustration. Here, combining high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate the selective stabilization of bicollinear and dimer AFM orders in few-layer FeTe films via local uniaxial strain engineering. By mapping the strain fields near dislocation areas in FeTe films and FeTe/FeSe heterostructures, we establish a direct correspondence between specific strain components and the resulting magnetic ground states. We find that uniaxial compression along the Fe-Fe next-nearest-neighbor direction stabilizes the bicollinear AFM order, with the stripe orientation aligning parallel to the compression axis. Crucially, we report the experimental realization of the long-range dimer AFM order, which emerges under anisotropic strain along the Fe-Fe nearest-neighbor direction. This phase manifests as a distinct $\sqrt{2} \times \sqrt{2}$ electronic reconstruction and shares a common Neel temperature with the bicollinear phase. Our findings reveal that anisotropic strain effectively lifts the magnetic degeneracy among competing states. This work provides a robust strategy for the manipulation of elusive magnetic orders and offers insights into the interplay between lattice, spin, and electronic degrees of freedom in iron-based superconductors.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:07:54
Authors: Chen Lan, Luyao Ma, Hao Yang
Categories: quant-ph, math-ph
Abstract:
We investigate the extension of the Kubo--Martin--Schwinger (KMS) thermal equilibrium condition to non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real spectra and biorthogonal eigensystems, providing a systematic analysis through three complementary routes. Our central result is a thermodynamic characterisation of quasi-Hermiticity: for $H \in M_d(\mathbb{C})$ diagonalisable with real spectrum, the biorthogonal Gibbs functional $ω_{\rm{bi}}(A) = Z_{\rm{bi}}^{-1} \sum_n e^{-βE_n}\langleφ_n|A|ψ_n\rangle$ satisfies $ω_{\rm{bi}}(A^†A) \geq 0$ for all $A$ if and only if $H$ is quasi-Hermitian. The proof constructs the metric $η$ directly from the eigenprojectors of $ω_{\rm{bi}}$ via the Riesz representation theorem, with no prior choice of $η$, providing a metric-free certificate of quasi-Hermiticity outside the Mostafazadeh--Scholtz framework. Under the full quasi-Hermitian hypothesis, we prove that the $η$-Gibbs state $ω_η(A) = Z_η^{-1}\, \rm{Tr}[ηe^{-βH}A]$ satisfies all three analytic KMS conditions, using the Hadamard three-line theorem and Bari's theorem on Riesz bases. The result is non-trivial: the transported state $\hatω(X) = \rm{Tr}[e^{-βh}Xη]/Z_η$ differs from the Gibbs state of the isospectral Hermitian partner $h = η^{1/2}Hη^{-1/2}$ whenever $[η,h]\neq 0$, so the KMS property cannot be deduced from the Hermitian theory by similarity. The gap between this result and the full Haag--Hugenholtz--Winnink $C^*$-algebraic framework is identified. Failure modes at exceptional points and for complex spectra are analysed, and the relation to the Fagnola--Umanità quantum detailed balance condition for open systems is discussed.
Published: 2026-06-11 12:05:47
Authors: Seongjin Kim, Sungil Kim
Categories: cs.AI
Abstract:
Maritime accident adjudication reports contain critical tribunal findings for root cause analysis (RCA), yet retrieving relevant precedents and drafting consistent reports from decades of records remains labor-intensive. This paper proposes a multi-field hybrid retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework for automated maritime RCA, utilizing a comprehensive dataset of 13,329 Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal (KMST) reports (1971-2025). We transform raw adjudications into a structured knowledge base of "incident cards", indexing three distinct fields-Summary, Causes, and Disposition-alongside a hierarchical L1/L2 cause taxonomy. Our retrieval strategy employs a field-aware hybrid approach, fusing sparse and dense rankings via Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF). Given the lack of large-scale expert relevance labels, we evaluate retrieval performance using ceiling-normalized recall and nDCG based on a metadata-derived proxy relevance score. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed retrieval significantly outperforms baseline methods, improving NormRecall@100 from 0.18 to 0.55. Furthermore, grounding the generator on the retrieved precedents enhances RCA generation quality over an LLM-only baseline, increasing the LLM-as-a-judge score from 3.34 to 3.72. These findings suggest that field-aware RAG can substantially streamline maritime safety investigation workflows by enabling faster precedent search and more consistent, evidence-based RCA drafting.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:56:03
Authors: Lorenzo Restaino, Diego Llorena Prieto, Jukka John, Yorick L. A. Schmerwitz, Elvar Örn Jónsson, Gianluca Levi
Categories: physics.chem-ph
Abstract:
Orbital-optimized density functional calculations describe each excited state using its own set of variationally optimized orbitals. While this state-specific optimization improves the description of excited states, it also results in nonorthogonal electronic states, which complicates the evaluation of transition properties. Existing benchmarks have primarily targeted the excitation energy, whereas estimates of oscillator strengths have largely been restricted to the first excited state only. In this study, Löwdin's formalism for nonorthogonal determinants is extended to the projector augmented-wave framework. It is then used with a plane-wave basis set to compute the oscillator strengths of several valence and Rydberg excited states in a set of molecules. Orbital-optimized density functional calculations qualitatively reproduce absorption spectra from high-level multireference reference methods across the molecular set, even when using a simple generalized-gradient approximation. The agreement in peak intensities is excellent for states dominated by a single determinant, whereas substantial discrepancies arise for states with strong multi-configurational character. Analysis of the exchange--correlation functional shows that the inclusion of exact exchange and explicit self-interaction correction does not provide a systematic improvement in the accuracy of oscillator strengths. Moreover, no clear correlation emerges between the errors in the absorption peaks and the nonzero overlap between the ground state and the orbital-optimized excited states.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:51:52
Authors: Zhiming Xu, Huaqing Huang
Categories: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
Abstract:
Two-dimensional ferroic materials exhibit rich and intriguing physical phenomena, but their response properties generally depend sensitively on thickness, requiring precise layer-number control and thereby limiting practical applications. Here, we propose a general strategy for realizing thickness-independent quantum geometric responses through symmetry engineering induced by interlayer antiferroic coupling. Using spatial-dependent symmetry analysis, we show that thickness-independent behavior emerges when the symmetry breaking required for a given response is generated by interlayer antiferromagnetic (AFM) or antiferroelectric (AFE) coupling, without invoking topological mechanisms. Our first-principles calculations predict that multilayer MnS in the G-type AFM configuration exhibits a surface-dominated anomalous Hall effect, whose thickness-independent behavior can be significantly influenced by the stacking order. We further propose design principles for achieving thickness-independent anomalous and nonlinear Hall effects driven by interlayer AFE coupling, and suggest potential applications in distinguishing magnetic structures. Our findings open a new route towards robust functional devices based on antiferroic materials.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:48:53
Authors: A. Sharma
Categories: stat.CO, math.NA, math.ST
Abstract:
We introduce a switching Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method for sampling from finite mixture Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions. We propose symmetric numerical integrators to approximate switching Hamiltonian dynamics interlaced with Poisson jumps, where the regime-switching chain is simulated using the uniformization technique or the stochastic simulation algorithm. We prove geometric ergodicity of the resulting Markov chain. We develop an approach based on the discrete Poisson equation associated with numerical schemes to estimate the error in computing ergodic averages. Using this approach we prove that the proposed numerical integrators have second-order bias. This approach is simple and can be generalized to other settings, for example, kinetic Langevin equations. Finally, we verify the convergence result via numerical experiment.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:47:40
Authors: Sihwa Lee, Janghwan Lee, Donghoon Yoo, Jae Gon Kim, Hanyul Ryu, Soojung Ryu, Jungwook Choi
Categories: cs.LG, cs.AI
Abstract:
Large reasoning models (LRMs) improve complex problem-solving by generating long intermediate reasoning traces, but this substantially increases inference costs. NVFP4 inference offers a promising approach to reduce both computational and memory costs through hardware-supported low-precision execution. However, directly applying NVFP4 to LRMs introduces two practical limitations: reasoning accuracy degrades under quantization, and existing NVFP4 kernels do not fully realize latency benefits in small-batch autoregressive decoding. In this work, we analyze the effect of NVFP4 quantization on token-level uncertainty during reasoning. We show that quantization increases incorrect sampling at low-entropy symbolic tokens, while causing over-concentration on a small set of tokens in high-uncertainty reasoning steps. Based on this observation, we propose \textbf{ReSET}, a reasoning-step entropy-based temperature-scaling method that estimates step-level uncertainty online and adapts the decoding temperature using both token-level and step-level entropy signals. To address the latency gap, we further design a CUDA-core small-$M$ NVFP4 kernel for latency-critical autoregressive decoding. Across reasoning benchmarks and model scales, ReSET improves NVFP4 reasoning accuracy by up to $\sim\!$2 points over the NVFP4 baseline. Our CUDA-core small-$M$ kernel further improves latency-critical decoding, delivering up to $2.5\!\times$ kernel-level speedup over NVFP4 vLLM and approximately $2\!\times$ end-to-end decoding speedup over BF16. Code is available at https://github.com/aiha-lab/ReSET.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:44:07
Authors: Nori Nakata, Ernest Majer, Chet Hopp, Steve Jarpe, Tim Elnitiarta, Hongrui Qiu, Michelle Robertson
Categories: physics.geo-ph
Abstract:
Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) deployment across diverse geological settings requires a better understanding and management of induced seismicity. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) has established seismic monitoring systems at numerous geothermal sites, including the Geysers, Desert Peak, Brady Hot Springs, Raft River, Newberry, Patua, Don A. Campbell, Jersey Valley, Utah FORGE, and Cape Modern.
These multi-site deployments provide valuable observations of induced seismicity and reservoir evolution, supporting studies of thermo-hydrological-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes, risk assessment, and reservoir management. In this presentation, we review the status of LBNL-operated seismic networks, summarize lessons learned from sensor deployment and long-term monitoring, and discuss challenges related to noise mitigation, sensor coupling, data transmission, real-time processing, and data quality. We also highlight ongoing efforts to make these datasets publicly accessible to support future geothermal and induced seismicity research.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:30:49
Authors: Kaustubh Mukund Vispute, Rajesh Karmakar
Categories: gr-qc, hep-th
Abstract:
In the present work, we study the absorption cross section of a Schwarzschild black hole for a massive vector field over arbitrary frequencies. Working in the Frolov-Krtouš-Kubizňák-Santos (FKKS) basis, we show how the conserved flux of the normalized Proca field naturally leads to the usual definitions of the absorption cross section in terms of the reflection and transmission coefficients. We then numerically compute these quantities over arbitrary frequencies. In contrast to the massless (photon) case, massive vector bosons exhibit new features arising from the field mass. In particular, the mass term introduces a longitudinal degree of freedom in addition to the transverse modes. Furthermore, it leads to a scalar-type branch in the even parity transverse modes, thereby breaking the usual degeneracy with the odd parity sector found in the massless case. We illustrate how these characteristics manifest themselves in the transmission and absorption spectrum. Given the recent developments in the study of ultralight bosonic fields in black hole spacetimes, the present analysis of the transmission properties of massive vector bosons bears particular significance.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:24:21
Authors: Li Shen, Yongpeng Wu, Wenjun Zhang
Categories: cs.IT
Abstract:
Although the successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding of polar codes exhibits excellent performance, it retains many decoding paths in the list with negligible contribution to the final output, resulting in high sorting and computational complexity. In this letter, we propose a novel pruning strategy to mitigate the decoding complexity. By leveraging the blockwise soft output extraction process of soft-output SCL and soft-output fast SCL decoding, we provide an accurate approximation of the probability that a decoding path is correct, and thus accordingly prune the paths failing to meet a pre-defined reliability threshold. The complexity reduction achieved by the proposed soft-output-based pruned SCL (SOP-SCL) decoder and its fast version, SOP-FSCL decoder, is significant, without any compromise in error-correction performance. Meanwhile, they also prove to be more efficient than state-of-the-art pruned polar decoders.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:21:05
Authors: Michael Denis Kraus, David Huk, Claudia Czado
Categories: stat.ME, stat.ML
Abstract:
Vine copulas provide a flexible framework for modeling complex multivariate dependence structures using only bivariate building blocks. Their practical success relies heavily on the simplifying assumption, which restricts conditional pair copulas to be independent of the specific conditioning values. While this assumption greatly facilitates estimation, it may lead to model misspecification in applications with pronounced varying conditional dependence. We propose a novel calibration strategy for simplified vine copula models based on observation-specific correction factors. These factors are derived using noise contrastive estimation (NCE), a supervised learning technique for density estimation that reframes the problem as a binary classification task with an easily sampled noise distribution. Treating the fitted simplified vine copula as the noise model, the NCE approach yields corrected log-likelihood estimates for individual observations, thereby locally adjusting the simplified vine toward the underlying data-generating dependence structure. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed calibration provides sensible and effective adjustments, improving model accuracy when the simplifying assumption is violated while remaining neutral when the simplified model is adequate. Two real-data applications further illustrate the practical benefits of the method. The results highlight NCE-based calibration as a promising tool to enhance simplified vine copula models without abandoning their computational tractability.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:19:41
Authors: Ramón González Rodríguez, Brais Ramos Pérez
Categories: math.QA
Abstract:
In this paper, we develop a general theory of twist deformations for Hopf coquasigroups in a symmetric monoidal category. To this end, we first introduce and study non-coassociative bimonoids endowed with left and right codivisions, and establish their connection with left and right Hopf coquasigroups. Next, motivated by the classical theory of Drinfeld twists for Hopf algebras, we define twists for non-coassociative bimonoids and prove that they induce deformations of Hopf coquasigroup structures through suitable modifications of the coproduct. In particular, we obtain explicit deformation procedures for right and left Hopf coquasigroups and analyze the corresponding antipodes. Finally, we apply the general theory to construct nontrivial examples arising from Hopf coquasigroups associated with the sphere ${\sf S}^7$, obtaining new examples of twisted Hopf coquasigroups that are neither commutative nor cocommutative.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:17:26
Authors: Lionel Agostini
Categories: physics.flu-dyn
Abstract:
Direct Numerical Simulation of turbulent channel flow at friction Reynolds number around 200 is performed with spanwise wall actuation to achieve drag reduction. A quasi-square-wave waveform, featuring impulsive transitions and constant-velocity plateaus, separates the actuation cycle into distinct Reversal and Displacement Phases, thereby permitting direct observation of the underlying physics. Phase-resolved analysis reveals that the actuation modulates the self-sustaining process (SSP): during the Reversal Phase, the Stokes strain passes through zero, the SSP resumes, and streaks regenerate; during the Displacement Phase, sustained Stokes strain diverts wall-normal vorticity spanwise via vortex tilting, depleting SSP precursors and suppressing streaks. A stochastic enstrophy-budget analysis confirms this mechanism at the governing-equation level: competition between mean-shear production of wall-normal enstrophy and Stokes-driven spanwise diversion, drawing from a shared reservoir, reflects directed, phase-opposed switching. The quasi-square wave improves the gross drag-reduction margin by 2.5 percentage points over the optimal sinusoidal baseline, solely via temporal Stokes-strain redistribution, and the waveform renders duty-cycle switching directly observable, thus elucidating the causal chain of drag reduction.
Published: 2026-06-11 11:00:34
Authors: Facundo Franchino, Stéphane Letz, Jatin Chowdhury
Categories: eess.AS, cs.PL, cs.SD
Abstract:
We describe faust2clap, a framework establishing the first officially maintained compilation pathway from Faust DSP specifications to the CLAP format. The system operates in two different modes. A static mode employs ahead-of-time compilation to yield native binaries of optimal efficiency, while a dynamic mode uses runtime interpretation to permit DSP code modification without interrupting the host application. This latter capability addresses a persistent friction in audio software development, namely the cumulative overhead of the edit, compile, and reload cycle. We detail the algorithmic machinery underlying both modes, focusing specifically on the problem of parameter identity. To preserve both parameter values and their bindings to host automation across structural DSP mutations, we introduce an address-based identity matching algorithm and a stable slot allocation scheme. The implementation, comprising approximately 2,400 lines of C++ architecture and Python tooling code, has been integrated into the main Faust distribution.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:53:33
Authors: Hu Huang, Genan Dai, Fuqiang Niu, Yi Yang, Zhaoya Gong, Bowen Zhang
Categories: cs.CL
Abstract:
Bioethical debates increasingly unfold on social media, yet stance detection research lacks large-scale, domain-specific resources for modeling such context-dependent discourse. We present BioStance, a context-aware dataset of 39,600 annotated Post-Comment pairs from Reddit bioethical discussions. BioStance covers six controversial targets across three dimensions of bioethical controversy: fundamental value conflicts, individual liberty versus collective responsibility, and technological uncertainty. Each instance preserves hierarchical conversational context and is labeled by three independent annotators using a three-class stance scheme: Favor, Against, and None. The annotations achieve a mean Krippendorff's $α$ of 0.82, indicating substantial reliability. By combining thematic diversity, conversational structure, and high-quality human annotation, BioStance supports research on context-aware stance detection, argument mining, and computational analysis of bioethical discourse.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:51:07
Authors: David Gregocki, Federica Baffigi, Lorenzo Fulgentini, Luca Labate, Leonida Antonio Gizzi
Categories: physics.plasm-ph
Abstract:
Experimental results aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of a two-section delay mask for the generation of ultrashort pulse trains are reported. Based on the initial simulation results, a 500 um thick circular fused silica plate featuring a central aperture was designed to enable two distinct transverse portions of the incident laser pulse to be focused, ideally, with equal intensity. This fulfills one of the requirements of the resonant multipulse ionization injection (ReMPI) scheme for laser wakefield acceleration. The experiment was carried out at the CNR-INO Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory using a 240 TW laser system operated at 120 TW, as part of the ongoing preparation for the first experimental demonstration of ReMPI.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:46:19
Authors: Vasileios Sevetlidis
Categories: cs.LG
Abstract:
Transfer learning is usually studied as a consequence of distribution shift. This paper identifies an orthogonal failure mode in which the data distribution is fixed and the loss changes. This setting is called \emph{loss shift}. A loss determines which information in \(X\) is Bayes-relevant, and two losses may therefore require different representations even under the same joint law \(P(X,Y)\). The idea is formalized using Bayes quotients, which allow losses to be ordered by refinement. In the Bayes-quotient formulation, strict refinement gives an immediate qualitative obstruction. A source-minimal representation for a coarser loss is insufficient for a strictly finer target loss. For finite-output log loss, this obstruction becomes an exact quantitative identity. The excess risk is the conditional information about \(Y\) discarded by the representation. Experiments in controlled, learned, synthetic-image, and real-image settings show the predicted effect, i.e., classification-equivalent representations can have different optimal log-loss performance under a fixed data distribution.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:44:50
Authors: Xin Wang, Boyan Gao, Yibo Yang, David A. Clifton
Categories: cs.AI
Abstract:
Mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and suicide remain urgent global challenges, where timely and accurate assessment is critical for effective intervention. Recently, large language models have been explored for mental health assessment. However, existing general-purpose post-training methods do not align with the cognitive processes of human assessment, which may lead to unreliable reasoning outcomes. To bridge this gap, we propose Cognitive Relative Policy Optimization (CRPO), a reinforcement learning framework tailored for the mental health domain. CRPO extends group relative policy optimization by integrating stage-dependent uncertainty modeling into the policy optimization process. Specifically, we introduce a stage-wise entropy regularization mechanism that encourages broad exploration in early reasoning phases and progressively enforces confident decision-making in later stages, mimicking the human cognitive shift from uncertainty to certainty. In addition, inspired by cognitive appraisal theory, we formalize cognitive reasoning stages, thereby guiding theory-grounded interpretable inference. Experiments on 8 mental health datasets show that CRPO achieves an average improvement of 10.4 percentage points in weighted F1-score over the best reinforcement learning baseline. Furthermore, the CRPO-trained model Mental-R1 demonstrates clear advantages compared with existing large language models on reasoning-intensive cases, suggesting that CRPO enhances reasoning capabilities for mental health assessment.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:42:45
Authors: Jacques Raynal, Pierre Slangen, Elsa Raynal, Jacques Margerit
Categories: cs.LG
Abstract:
Learned representations are central to modern machine learning and are commonly evaluated through predictive performance, robustness, uncertainty estimation, or generalization. However, a learned representation may remain operationally successful while progressively failing to organize persistent residual structures that are not fully captured by conventional evaluation metrics. This article introduces VER, the Vigilant Evaluator of Representations, a conceptual framework for monitoring representational adequacy in learned representations. VER does not propose a new learning algorithm, loss function, or model architecture. Instead, it formalizes a diagnostic process through which persistent residual structures may be identified, analyzed, and interpreted as potential indicators of explanatory insufficiency. The framework distinguishes representational inadequacy from ordinary prediction error, uncertainty, noise, and distribution shift. It introduces a monitoring sequence based on representation identification, explanatory-domain delimitation, residual-structure detection, explanatory-resistance evaluation, and vigilance signaling. VER is intended as a contribution to representation diagnostics in machine learning. Its objective is not to replace existing evaluation methods but to complement them by treating representational adequacy as an explicit object of inquiry. A path toward empirical evaluation through representational-vigilance benchmarks is also outlined.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:40:43
Authors: Taisuke Kobayashi, Naoto Yamanaka
Categories: cs.RO
Abstract:
This paper proposes a novel regularization design to effectively smooth policy functions in reinforcement learning. While regularization that enhances ``global'' Lipschitz continuity was initially considered, it has been limited to ``local'' Lipschitz continuity due to a tradeoff between smoothness and expressiveness. However, it has become apparent that the original implementation is cumbersome and does not provide sufficient smoothing, leading to a preference for simpler implementations. This stems from a discrepancy between theory and implementation, and a more appropriate implementation can expect to facilitate smoothing. Therefore, this paper identifies three reasons why the original implementation does not function adequately and provide remedies for them. This modified regularization performs well across multiple tasks and algorithms, successfully achieving smooth motion while improving control performance. Furthermore, by applying it to sim-to-real reinforcement learning for a quadruped robot, it is demonstrated that smooth motion provides robustness against sudden changes in target velocity commands.
Published: 2026-06-11 10:27:33
Authors: Olivier Bodini, Francis Durand
Categories: cs.DM, cs.IT
Abstract:
The uniform generation of k Hamming weight binary words, equivalent to sampling k-subsets from n elements, relies on random bits, which can be expensive. We introduce a novel paradigm, random bit recycling, and use it to generate such binary words in linear time while consuming as few random bits as possible. The resulting algorithm is nearly optimal in terms of random bit consumption, meaning that it closely matches the Shannon entropic lower bound coming from information theory.